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1.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 73(4): 297-312, dic. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1537488

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The legal declarations on functional foods of the four main economic integration organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) ­ Pacific Alliance (PA), Caribbean Community (CARICOM), Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) and Central American Integration System (SICA) - are based on the Codex Alimentarius system and do not regulate functional foods. The use of Codex in food marketing is an insufficient condition for its application in functional foods. Regulation based on scientific and technology results are required to be used in the economic integration organizations of LAC. Objective. The objective is to analyze the theoretical framework of the legal foundations that could govern the commercialization processes of functional foods, whose research advances have currently only been manifested in nutritional health. This article also seeks to address this gap through a systematic analysis of international regulations. Materials and methods. For this, a review of the literature emanating from two databases from 2018-2023 is carried by applying the legal-economic research method of documentary content analysis, applied to three general food marketing regulations: food safety declarations, regulations for inspections, food manufacturing and food labeling. Results. The results reveal the absence of specific legislation for functional foods in LAC economic integration organizations. Conclusions. The legal principle of marketing based on peremptory norm (also called jus cogens) can be facilitated through side letters, included in the contents of international contracts. along with the registration requirements of industrial property rights of the member countries associations(AU)


Introducción. Las declaraciones legales sobre alimentos funcionales de las cuatro principales organizaciones de integración económica de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) ­ Alianza del Pacífico (AP), Comunidad del Caribe (CARICOM), Mercado Común del Sur (MERCOSUR) y Sistema de Integración Centroamericana (SICA) - se basan en el sistema del Codex Alimentarius y no regulan los alimentos funcionales. El uso del Codex en la comercialización de alimentos es condición insuficiente para su aplicación en alimentos funcionales. Se requiere que las regulaciones basadas en resultados científicos y tecnológicos sean utilizadas en los organismos de integración económica de ALC. Objetivo. Analizar el marco teórico de los fundamentos legales que podrían regir los procesos de comercialización de alimentos funcionales, cuyos avances en investigación actualmente solo se han manifestado en salud nutricional. Este artículo también busca abordar esta brecha a través de un análisis sistemático de las regulaciones internacionales. Materiales y métodos. Se realiza una revisión de la literatura emanada de dos bases de datos del período 2018-2023 aplicando el método de investigación jurídico- económica de análisis de contenido documental, aplicado a tres normas generales de comercialización de alimentos: declaraciones de seguridad alimentaria, normas para inspecciones, fabricación de alimentos y etiquetado de alimentos. Resultados. Los resultados revelan la ausencia de legislación específica para alimentos funcionales en las asociaciones comerciales de ALC. Conclusiones. El principio jurídico de comercialización basado en norma imperativa (también llamado jus cogens) puede facilitarse a través de cartas complementarias, incluidas en el contenido de los contratos internacionales. junto con los requisitos de registro de los derechos de propiedad industrial de las asociaciones de los países miembros(AU)


Subject(s)
Functional Food , Edible Grain
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1551110

ABSTRACT

Aunque los cogollos de la palma de iraca pueden ser empleados como fuente para la alimentación humana, la mayoría de la información disponible es para la producción de artesanías. Se evaluó la respuesta a la impregnación al vacío (IV) de cogollos frescos de palma de iraca (CFPI), con una solución isotónica de NaCl (0,6 %). Se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta, con un diseño central compuesto ((=1), considerando las siguientes variables independientes: el diámetro de los cogollos (10-15 mm), el tiempo en la etapa de vacío T1 (3-5 minutos) a presión de vacío (4.1 kPa) y el tiempo en la etapa a presión atmosférica local (85,32 kPa), T2 (3-5 min). Las variables dependientes que se tomaron en cuenta fueron fracción volumétrica de impregnación en la etapa de vacío (X1), deformación volumétrica final (g), fracción volumétrica final (X) y porosidad eficaz (Ee). La dinámica de la IV del CFPI identificó que el proceso comporta una expansión volumétrica en la matriz, la cual, finalmente, contribuye a la transferencia de masa del líquido isotónico al interior de la estructura. La microestructura porosa del CFPI es compatible con el proceso de IV, permitiendo los siguientes parámetros de impregnación: g1 (0,451%), X1 (11,457%), g (2,569%), X (17,386%) y Ee (17,036%). La respuesta a la IV en los CFPI identifica a esta matriz alimentaria como adecuada, para la incorporación de componentes fisiológicamente activos.


Although the buds of the iraca palm could be employed as a source of human food, most of the information available is to produce handicrafts. The response to vacuum impregnation (VI) was evaluated in fresh iraca palm buds (FIPB) with an isotonic NaCl solution (0.6 %). The response surface methodology was obtained, with a central compound design (a= 1), considering the following independent variables: The diameter of the buds (10-15 mm), the time in the vacuum stage T1 (3-5 minutes) at vacuum pressure (4.1 kPa) and the time in the stage at local atmospheric pressure (85.32 kPa), T2 (3-5 min). The dependent variables considered were the volumetric fraction of impregnation in the vacuum stage (X1), the final volumetric deformation (g), the final volumetric fraction (X), and the effective porosity (Ee). FIPB VI dynamics identified that the process involves a volumetric expansion in the matrix, which ultimately contributes to the mass transfer of the isotonic liquid into the structure. The porous microstructure of the FIPB is compatible with the VI process, allowing the following impregnation parameters: g1 (0.451 %), X1 (11.457 %), g (2.569 %), X (17.386%), and Ee (17.036 %). The response to VI in FIPB identifies this food matrix as suitable for the incorporation of physiologically active components.

3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-219650

ABSTRACT

The need to improve and enhance the nutritional quality of locally made foods (bakery and confectionaries) cannot be overemphasized. This study set out to meet this need by producing composite flours from wheat, defatted peanut and orange peel flour blends which will serve an even greater issue of reducing the cost of wheat importation and use. The samples were coded as follows: A-100:0:0, B-90:5:5, C-85:10:5, D-80:15:5, E-75:20:5 of wheat flour: Defatted peanut flour: orange peel flour. The flours produced were analyzed for functional, anti-nutrient, proximate, minerals, and phytochemical properties. The functional properties of flours; bulk density, swelling capacity, OAC, WAC, and Foaming capacity ranged from 0.43 to 0.93 g/ml, 0.89 to 5.67%, 0.47 to 2.55 g/L, 1.75 to 4.35ml/g, 0.52 to 10.56% respectively. The anti-nutritional properties: phytates, tannins, and trypsin inhibitor content of flours ranged from 0.0352 to 0.0845%, 0.040 to 0.600%, and 0.011 to 0.048mg/g respectively. The proximate composition of the flour samples, Moisture, Protein, fats, crude fibre, ash, carbohydrates, and energy values ranged from 5.58 to 9.55%, 6.33 to 15.64%, 1.06 to 3.51%, 0.24 to 4.07%, 1.42 to 2.65%, 85.37 to 64.58% and 376.34 to 352.47kcal/100g respectively. The mineral composition in the samples ranged from 232.05 to 394.62mg/100g for Ca, 76.09 to 122.27mg/100g for Mg, 6.71 to 29.42 mg/100g for Fe, 108.78 to 256.47mg/100g for K, 10.09 to 25.75 mg/100g for Zn. The phytochemical composition of the samples was as follows; 0.067-0.153%, for saponins; 0.043-1.457%, for alkaloids; 1.03-13.77mgGAE/g, for Total phenolics; 3.07-29.31mg/QE, for Total Flavonoids respectively. The composite flour herein produced demonstrates great potential for its use in the development of functional foods given its great nutrients and improved functional characteristics. However sample E with 75%wheat: 20%DPF: 5%OPF surpassed all other samples in terms of the quality attributes and therefore was the best of the formulations.

4.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 26(3): 1127-1148, set-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1414419

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma pesquisa visando a fundamentação científica dos superalimentos. Embora não existam diretrizes oficiais para o que constitui um "superalimento", geralmente está denominação se aplica a produtos alimentícios que contêm grandes quantidades de nutrientes específicos (por exemplo, antioxidantes, vitaminas e minerais). Estes bioativos atuam como potenciais agentes de prevenção e complementam os tratamentos de doenças crônicas como síndrome metabólica, diabetes, hipertensão, inflamações, doenças autoimunes entre outras. Como exemplos de superalimentos, encontram-se os brotos, sementes, vegetais, frutas, cúrcuma, chá verde, algas como a espirulina, alho, gengibre, cacau, pólen, geleia real, mel de abelha, coco e açaí. Nesse sentido, outros estudos poderiam ser realizados para investigar como estão sendo compreendidos os superalimentos dentro do campo científico.


This work aims to carry out research aiming at the scientific foundation of superfoods. While there are no official guidelines for what constitutes a "superfood", this designation generally applies to food products that contain large amounts of specific nutrients (eg, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals). These bioactives act as potential preventive agents and complement treatments for chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, among others. As examples of superfoods, there are sprouts, seeds, vegetables, fruits, turmeric, green tea, algae such as spirulina, garlic, ginger, cocoa, pollen, royal jelly, bee honey, coconut and açaí. In this sense, other studies could be carried out to investigate how superfoods are being understood within the scientific field.


El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una investigación sobre la base científica de los superalimentos. Aunque no existen directrices oficiales sobre lo que constituye un "superalimento", esta denominación se aplica generalmente a los productos alimenticios que contienen grandes cantidades de nutrientes específicos (por ejemplo, antioxidantes, vitaminas y minerales). Estos bioactivos actúan como agentes potenciales para prevenir y complementar los tratamientos de enfermedades crónicas como el síndrome metabólico, la diabetes, la hipertensión, la inflamación, las enfermedades autoinmunes y otras. Como ejemplos de superalimentos, están los germinados, las semillas, las verduras, las frutas, la cúrcuma, el té verde, las algas como la espirulina, el ajo, el jengibre, el cacao, el polen, la jalea real, la miel de abeja, el coco y el acai. En este sentido, se podrían realizar otros estudios para investigar cómo se entienden los superalimentos dentro del ámbito científico.


Subject(s)
Functional Food , Diet, Healthy , Cacao , Solanum lycopersicum , Flax , Persea , Agaricales , Eggs , Fruit , Fabaceae , Nutritive Value
5.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 72(3): 218-230, sept. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1399301

ABSTRACT

Introduction: This article addresses the legal regulations for Foods for Specified Health Uses (FOSHU) in the main trade associations of Latin America (LATAM), based on the Codex Alimentarius system. Objective: The objective is to determine regulatory progress in the trade of FOSHU products. Material and methods: This study includes a review of the literature emanating from the databases from 2018 to 2022, according to the framework of three general food marketing regulations: food safety claims; inspection regulations, and food manufacturing and labeling. Results: The results reveal the absence of a specific legislation for FOSHU foods, as these are only mentioned in the area of nutrition. Conclusions: The legal framework in the trade of these products is based on jus cogens. Registration of industrial patents in the main member countries of LATAM trade associations can be facilitated through the Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)(AU)


Introducción: El artículo aborda las regulaciones jurídicas en Alimentos para Uso Específico de Salud "FOSHU" en las principales asociaciones comerciales de América Latina (LATAM), basados en el sistema Codex Alimentarius. Objetivo: Determinar el avance regulatorio en la comercialización de productos FOSHU. Materiales y métodos: Se revisa la literatura emanada de las bases de datos desde el año 2018 al 2022, según el marco de tres regulaciones generales de comercialización de alimentos: las declaraciones de seguridad alimentaria; las regulaciones de inspecciones, las de manufacturas de alimentos y etiquetado. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron la ausencia de una legislación específica para alimentos FOSHU, siendo solo mencionados en el área de la nutrición. Conclusiones: El revestimiento jurídico en la comercialización de estos productos; se cimienta en el ius cogens. Las inscripciones de patentes industriales en los principales países miembros de las asociaciones comerciales en LATAM pueden facilitarse por la vía del Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)(AU)


Subject(s)
Patents as Topic , International Law , Functional Food , Products Commerce , Legislation, Food , Food Safety , Food Labeling/legislation & jurisprudence , Food Technology/legislation & jurisprudence , Food Supply/legislation & jurisprudence , Latin America
6.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-220431

ABSTRACT

Smartphone apps may be an innovative medium for delivering individual health behaviour change intervention en masse. This study aims to develop a mobile application containing the database of glycemic index (GI) values of Indian foods and functional foods and to aid patients with type 1 diabetes to count their carbohydrates for intake. This application was developed with the help of a computer science expert. The development process started by electing the platform with samples, then collecting and sorting the required data followed by its demonstration to the faculty members and students. This application is also useful for the general public to choose functional foods with potential health bene?ts. This app is useful for patients having type-1 diabetes to adjust their rapid acting insulin dosage by counting the carbohydrates. It was concluded that smartphone apps can be an innovative medium for treating certain medical condition of patients, delivering important health information and giving education to the general population.

7.
Odontol. vital ; (35)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386454

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción la caries dental es una de las enfermedades de mayor prevalencia a escala mundial, cuyas consecuencias clínicas se encuentran relacionadas directamente con la calidad de vida de los individuos. Asimismo, la atención odontológica exige un elevado costo y muchas veces lejos del alcance de ciertas comunidades. Si bien esta enfermedad se produce por la confluencia de distintos factores, uno de ellos es el económico, por lo que se busca una opción medicinal de bajo costo, y el abordaje a su vez de otro factor, tal vez el más importante, que implica el desarrollo y multiplicación del microorganismo iniciador de esta enfermedad, que es Streptococcus mutans. Actualmente se conoce el consumo de medicinas de origen natural para el tratamiento de algunas enfermedades, entre ellas, la caries. El uso y mecanismo de acción de aceites esenciales que impidan el desarrollo de S. mutans en el biofilm dental está siendo investigado. El objetivo de este trabajo es actualizar los conocimientos sobre la acción biocida de aceites esenciales y sus posibles aplicaciones en odontología. Resultados. Los aceites esenciales provenientes de los cítricos como limón, mandarina, naranja, como así también de eucalipto y orégano, presentan actividad bacteriostática, y en algunos casos, bactericida frente a bacterias Gram + y Gram -. Conclusión de acuerdo con la información recopilada, el uso de estos aceites mediante la biotecnología sería beneficioso y contribuiría al manejo de la salud bucal sin alterar la microflora oral normal del ser humano.


Abstract Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, whose clinical consequences are directly related to the quality of life of individuals. Likewise, dental care requires a high cost and is often beyond the reach of certain communities. Although this disease is produced by the confluence of different factors, one of them is the economic factor, which is why a low-cost medicinal alternative is sought, and the approach in turn of another factor, perhaps the most important, which implies the development and multiplication of the initiating microorganism of this disease that is Streptococcus mutans. Currently, the consumption of medicines of natural origin is known for the treatment of some diseases, including tooth decay. The use of essential oils that prevent the development of St. mutans in dental biofilm is being investigated and the objective of this work is to update the knowledge about its biocidal action and its applications in dentistry. The objective of this work is to update the knowledge on the biocidal action of essential oils and their possible applications in dentistry. Results The essential oils from citrus fruits such as lemon, mandarin, orange, as well as eucalyptus and oregano, show bacteriostatic activity, and in some cases, bactericidal against Gram + and Gram - bacteria. Conclusion according to the information collected, the use of these oils through biotechnology would be beneficial and would contribute to the management of oral health without altering the normal oral microflora of the human being.


Subject(s)
Humans , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Oils/therapeutic use , Dental Caries/drug therapy , Anti-Infective Agents
8.
rev. udca actual. divulg. cient ; 24(2): e1580, jul.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1361230

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La batata Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. es una manifestación de la biodiversidad silvestre y cultivada del Neotrópico, caracterizada por hojas anchas y tubérculos feculentos. La especie es objeto de investigación, por su amplio uso e importancia en regiones tropicales y subtropicales, por sus propiedades nutricionales y aporte energético, convirtiéndose en un recurso imprescindible para la seguridad alimentaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento agronómico, en valor relativo del forraje (VRF) y rendimiento y calidad de almidón, en tubérculos de batata. Se evaluaron 10 clones seleccionados por alta materia seca en tubérculos, con un diseño de bloques completos al azar, con 3 repeticiones y 6 plantas por repetición. Se destacó el clon 440-078, con un VRF de 133,07 y por el alto rendimiento de tubérculos los clones 440-656 y 440-621, considerados como materiales promisorios para calidad del tubérculo; este último presentó el peso de tubérculo más alto en las tres categorías identificadas A, B y C. El clon Tainung-66, se posicionó con -1.53 de ISP, asociado con bajos valores de fibra (28,9 y 20,25 de FDN y FDA, respectivamente), que le confieren una digestibilidad burda del tubérculo del 72 %. Además, se determinaron diferencias significativas (p <0,05), en las propiedades de empastamiento del almidón, con superioridad del clon 440-016, por sus características retrogradantes, con 221 cP y el clon Tainug-66, por su estabilidad teniendo en cuenta la viscosidad.


ABSTRACT The sweet potato Ipomoea babatas (L.) Lam., is a manifestation of the wild and cultivated Neotropical biodiversity, characterized by leaves with value as forage and starchy tubers, it is the object of research for its wide use and importance in tropical and subtropical regions, for its nutritional properties and contribution energy, becoming an essential resource for food security. The agronomic yield was evaluated in relative forage value (RFV), yield, and starch quality in sweet potato tubers. 10 clones selected for high dry matter in tubers were evaluated, with a randomized complete block design with 3 repetitions and 6 plants per repetition. Clone 440-078 stood out with an RFV of 133.07 and due to its high performance in tubers, clones 440-656 and 440-621, considered as promising materials for tuber quality, the latter presented the highest tuber weight in the three identified categories A, B, and C. The Tainung-66 clone is positioned in first place with -1.53 ISP associated with low fiber values (28.9 and 20.25 of NDF and ADF respectively), which give it a gross tuber digestibility of 72 %. Significant differences (p <0.05) in starch plastering properties were determined, with superiority at clone 440-016 for its retrograde characteristics with 221 cP and the Tainug-66 clone for its stability taking into account the maximum viscosity (Vm) and the viscosity of the cold paste (VPF) with 730 cP and 738 cP respectively.

9.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 45: e1362020, 2021-00-00.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1510807

ABSTRACT

Os alimentos funcionais fazem parte de uma nova concepção de alimentos, que quando consumido junto com uma dieta saudável, equilibrada e usual, promovem benefícios à saúde. Entretanto, a divulgação de informações sobre alimentos funcionais através de órgãos governamentais, científicas, mercadológicas, entre outros, tem levado os consumidores a interpretações distintas sobre esse alimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar como os consumidores do Distrito Federal, Brasil, estão interpretando as informações, efeitos e riscos dos alimentos funcionais na saúde. Foi realizada uma pesquisa com 111 respondentes, utilizado survey, com roteiro de entrevista estruturado para a coleta de dados. As questões do roteiro passaram por validação semântica, conteúdo e estatística e os constructos (confiança, medicamento, mídia, necessidade, recompensa e risco) foram avaliados pelos consumidores através da escala Likert de sete pontos. Os consumidores acreditam no efeito benéfico que os alimentos funcionais podem proporcionar à saúde, e os veem como efeito de cura ou de prevenção de doenças. O processo de divulgação de informações sobre os alimentos funcionais deve ser reavaliado em todas as instâncias, governamentais e mercadológicas, para que as informações sejam mais claras e entendíveis para todos. Os relacionamentos entre as variáveis socioeconômicas foram analisados por testes de Qui-quadrado e a percepção de consumidores de alimentos funcionais através do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Os testes Qui-quadrado indicaram associações altamente significativas (p<0,001) entre as variáveis estado civil e principal comprador de comida em casa e entre nível de escolaridade e renda familiar. O constructo medicamento foi o único que apresentou relação significativa com todos os demais.


Functional foods are part of a new concept of food, which when consumed together with a healthy, balanced and usual diet, promote health benefits. However, the dissemination of information on functional foods through governmental, scientific, and marketing agencies, among others, has led consumers to different interpretations of this food. The aim of this study was to analyze how consumers in the Federal District, Brazil, are interpreting the information, effects, and risks of functional foods on health. A survey was carried out with 111 respondents, containing a structured interview script for data collection. The questions in the script went through validation of semantics, content, and statistics, and the constructs (trust, medication, media, need, reward, and risk) were assessed by consumers using a seven-point Likert scale. Consumers believe in the beneficial effect that functional foods can have on health, and see it as a cure or disease prevention effect. The process of disclosing information about functional foods should be reevaluated at all levels, both governmental and commercial, so that the information is clearer and understandable for everyone. The relationships between socioeconomic variables were analyzed using Chi-squared tests and the consumers' perception of functional foods through Pearson's correlation coefficient. The Chi-squared tests indicated highly significant associations (p<0.001) between the variables marital status and being the main buyer of food at home, and between level of education and family income. The drug construct was the only one that showed a significant relationship with all the other dimensions.

10.
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition ; : 507-530, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-913015

ABSTRACT

@#This review summarises the key components of the available probiotic regulations in six Southeast Asia countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam). Diverse approaches have been undertaken by the countries in regulating the marketing and sale of probiotics in foods and health supplements. Only Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand have enacted specific regulations which include their respective legal definition of probiotics. Only Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand publish a list of microorganisms permitted to be used as probiotics in foods or health supplements; the approved microorganisms are not harmonised among these countries. All six countries allow the application for new microorganisms to be used, but have adopted differing requirements and approaches. A common requirement is that all applications must be accompanied by scientific data to demonstrate clinically that the microorganisms are safe and provide health benefits. All the countries, except Indonesia and Vietnam permit the use of a small number of pre-approved generic function claims. It is noted that the countries have different specific labelling requirement for products containing probiotics. The divergent probiotic regulations in the region, either for foods or health supplements, creates inconsistencies and difficulties for all stakeholders including regulators, academia, industries and consumers, as well as impacting trade among countries. This review highlights the importance of having regulatory control to ensure consumers have access to safe, genuine and efficacious probiotic products. We propose working towards a harmonised probiotics regulation in the region to enable further development and progress of probiotics in the region.

12.
Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR (Online) ; 23(2, cont.): e2311, jul-dez. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1141381

ABSTRACT

Currently, a large number of consumers seek to include functional foods in their diets, aiming beyond the nutritional value prevent health problems, among these foods are probiotic products and vegetables containing bioactive compounds. The objective of this work was to develop and physical-chemically evaluate fresh Shanklish cheeses with the addition of kefir and turmeric extract in order to develop a functional cheese. Shanklish cheese was manufactured and submitted to three different treatments: with the addition of kefir, turmeric extract and both of them. The results obtained for cheese composition were close to the results found in the literature and the cheeses showed stable pH values during the 21 days of storage at 8ºC. It concluded that the addition of kefir and turmeric extract in Shanklish cheese is a way to develop a functional cheese.(AU)


Atualmente é grande o número de consumidores que buscam incluir alimentos funcionais em suas dietas visando além do valor nutricional a prevenção de problemas de saúde, entre esses alimentos encontram-se os produtos probióticos e os vegetais contendo compostos bioativos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar físico-quimicamente queijos Chancliche frescos com adição de kefir e extrato de cúrcuma buscando o desenvolvimento de um queijo funcional. Foram fabricados queijos Chancliche e submetidos a três tratamentos diferentes: com adição de kefir, extrato de cúrcuma e ambos. Os resultados obtidos para a composição dos queijos estavam próximos dos resultados encontrados na literatura e os queijos mostraram pH estável durante os 21 dias de armazenamento a 8ºC. Concluiu-se que a adição de kefir e extrato de cúrcuma em queijo Chancliche é uma maneira de desenvolver um queijo funcional.(AU)


Actualmente, una gran cantidad de consumidores buscan incluir alimentos funcionales en sus dietas, apuntando más allá del valor nutricional para prevenir problemas de salud, entre estos alimentos se encuentran los productos probióticos y los vegetales que contienen compuestos bioactivos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar y evaluar químicamente quesos Chancliche frescos con la adición de kéfir y extracto de cúrcuma para desarrollar un queso funcional. Los quesos Chancliche fueron elaborados y sometidos a tres tratamientos diferentes: con la adición de kéfir, extracto de cúrcuma y ambos. Los resultados obtenidos para la composición de los quesos estaban cercanos a los resultados encontrados en la literatura y los quesos mostraron pH estable durante los 21 días de almacenamiento a 8ºC. Se concluyó que la adición de kéfir y extracto de cúrcuma en queso Chancliche es una forma de desarrollar un queso funcional.(AU)


Subject(s)
Cheese , Chemistry, Physical , Curcuma , Functional Food , Kefir , Nutritive Value , Probiotics
13.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(5): 836-847, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138621

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Actualmente se generan grandes cantidades de sub-productos agroindustriales como residuos, aun cuando pueden ser fuente importante de variados compuestos antioxidantes. Una de las formas de aprovechar esta funcionalidad es concentrar los antioxidantes mediante la elaboración de extractos, siendo las "extracciones verdes", que usan solventes como agua o etanol, que por ser más amigables con el medio ambiente y la salud humana, han sido las más estudiadas en los últimos años. Sin embargo, uno de los principales problemas de reutilizar este tipo de compuestos bioactivos es mantener su estabilidad, debido a que luego de ser extraídos desde su matriz biológica son muy sensibles a distintas condiciones medioambientales y de almacenamiento. Una tecnología que puede reducir la inestabilidad de los compuestos antioxidantes es la encapsulación, la cual también reduce las alteraciones organolépticas que se pudieran producir cuando son incorporados en alimentos. Según nuestro conocimiento no existen revisiones de encapsulación de extractos de sub-productos agroindustriales (en donde se puede encontrar una gran variedad de compuestos antioxidantes) y la información existente se basa en compuestos antioxidantes específicos encapsulados. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión fue recopilar información actualizada respecto a la encapsulación de extractos antioxidantes obtenidos a partir de sub-productos agroindustriales vegetales y su incorporación como ingredientes en alimentos.


ABSTRACT Currently large quantities of agro-industrial by-products are generated as waste even when they can be used as important sources of various antioxidant compounds. One of the ways to take advantage of this functionality is to concentrate antioxidants via the preparation of extracts. Due to their lower impact on the environment and human health "green extractions" using solvents such as water or alcohol have been the most studied in recent years. However, one of the main problems in re-using these bioactive compounds is maintaining stability after being extracted from their biological matrix. Instability relates to different environmental and storage conditions. One technology that can reduce antioxidants instability is encapsulation, which also reduces organoleptic alterations that could occur when they are incorporated into food. To our knowledge there are no reviews of encapsulation of agroindustry by-product extracts (where a wide variety of antioxidant compounds can be found) and existing information is based on specific encapsulated antioxidant compounds. Therefore, the objective of this review was to gather up-to-date information regarding the encapsulation of antioxidant extracts obtained from vegetable agro-industrial by-products and their incorporation as ingredients in food.


Subject(s)
Humans , Waste Products , Functional Food , Antioxidants , Plants , Agribusiness , Recycling
14.
Acta biol. colomb ; 25(1): 61-74, Jan.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054657

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La extracción de compuestos bioactivos de Pleurotus ostreatus por maceración dinámica, es un proceso sencillo y económico, que normalmente presenta baja eficiencia. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el proceso de extracción para determinar qué tratamiento permite la mayor eficiencia, analizando la influencia de los factores de estudio: concentración de etanol (50 %, 80 %, 95 %) y relación sólido/solvente (1:10, 1:20, 1:30). Se maceraron 5 g de polvo fúngico en etanol acuoso durante 90 minutos, a 150 rpm, 25 °C y tamaño de partícula de 0,5 a 1,0 mm. Se trataron los datos mediante estadística paramétrica con un nivel de confianza del 95 %. Los resultados revelaron que la mayor eficiencia de extracción total (40,9 %) en base seca se obtuvo con etanol al 50 % y una relación sólido/solvente de 1:30. Por componentes se encontró que, el etanol al 50 % con una relación de 1:20 permitió la máxima eficiencia para carbohidratos totales (17,9 %) y polisacáridos (17,2 %), mientras que con una relación de 1:30 se obtuvo la máxima eficiencia para azúcares reductores (0,91 %) y polifenoles (0,23 %). Por otro lado, el etanol al 95 % y la relación 1:30 permitió la máxima eficiencia para proteínas (29,4 %). La extracción de beta-glucanos no fue significativa. La eficiencia de la extracción está muy influenciada por los parámetros de operación, principalmente por la concentración de etanol; en particular, la de 50 % resultó más favorable para la obtención de la mayoría de sustancias bioactivas con potencial nutracéutico.


ABSTRACT The extraction by dynamic maceration of bioactive compounds from Pleurotus ostreatus is a simple and economical process which normally presents low efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the extraction process to determine which treatment allows the highest efficiency, analyzing the influence of the study factors: ethanol concentration (50 %, 80 %, 95 %) and solid to solvent ratio (1:10, 1:20, 1:30). 5 g of fungal powder into aqueous ethanol were macerated during 90 minutes at 150 rpm, 25 ° C and particle size from 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The data were treated by parametric statistics with a 95 % confidence level. The results reveal that the highest total extraction efficiency (40.9 %) on dry basis was obtained with 50 % ethanol and solid to solvent ratio of 1:30. As for components, it was found that 50 % ethanol with 1:20 ratio allowed maximum efficiency for total carbohydrates (17.99 %) and polysaccharides (17.23 %), while with the 1:30 ratio allowed maximum efficiency for reducing sugars (0.91 %) and polyphenols (0.23 %). On the other hand, 95 % ethanol with 1:30 ratio allowed maximum efficiency for proteins (29.4 %). The extraction of beta-glucans was not significant. The efficiency of extraction is very influenced by the operation parameters, mainly by the concentration of ethanol; in particular, the 50 % was more favorable for obtaining most bioactive substances with nutraceutical potential.

15.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(2): 272-280, abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115498

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the antioxidant characteristics and sensory acceptance of Greek yogurt with added whole sorghum flours (WSF) from genotypes BRS305 (tannin) and BR501 (tannin-free). Five formulations were elaborated: 1) Control (without WSF); 2) 2% BR501; 3) 4% BR501; 4) 2% BRS305 and 5) 4% BRS305 and evaluated for antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanins, total phenols, condensed tannins, sensory acceptance and purchase intention. The 4% BRS305 formulation presented higher antioxidant properties, but lower sensory acceptance. No significant difference was observed for: color, flavor and overall acceptability between the control and 2% BR501; nor for texture and overall acceptability between the control and 4% BR501. Principal component analysis explained that all variables associated with antioxidant properties were positively correlated with the first major component (PC1: 82.7%). The 2% and 4% BR501 formulations were more highly correlated with PC1 (92.7%), as well as the control in relation to sensorial characteristics. The addition of WSF BRS305 improved the antioxidant properties of yogurts and the addition of WSF BR501 did not interfere with the sensory acceptance of the formulations. The similarity of the sensory acceptance of the yogurt containing WSF from the BR 501 genotype to the control, opens perspectives for the insertion of sorghum in human food, using dairy products as suitable matrices, adding potential functionality to this type of product.


RESUMEN El trabajo tuvo como propósito desarrollar y evaluar las características antioxidantes y la aceptación sensorial de yogurt griego con adición de harinas integrales de sorgo (HIS) de los genotipos BRS305 (con taninos) y BR501 (sin taninos). Cinco formulaciones fueron elaboradas: 1) Control (sin HIS); 2) 2% BR501; 3) 4% BR501; 4) 2% BRS305 y 5) 4% BRS305. Las formulaciones fueron evaluadas en función de su actividad antioxidante, antocianinas totales, fenólicos totales, taninos condensados, aceptación sensorial e intención de compra. La formulación 4% BRS305 presentó más propiedades antioxidantes, pero menor aceptación sensorial que las otras formulaciones. No se observó diferencia significativa entre el control y el 2% BR501 para el color, sabor e impresión global, ni tampoco para textura e impresión global en relación al 4% BR501. El análisis de componente principal ha explicado que todas las variables asociadas a las propiedades antioxidantes han sido positivamente correlacionadas con el primer componente principal (PC1: 82,7%). Las formulaciones 2% y 4% BR501 se han correlacionado más con el PC1 (92,7%), así como el control con las características sensoriales. La adición de HIS BRS305 ha mejorado las propiedades antioxidantes de los yogurts y la adición de HIS BR501 no ha interferido en la aceptación sensorial de las formulaciones. La similitud de la aceptación sensorial del yogurt que contiene el HIS del genotipo BR501 con el control, abre perspectivas para la inserción del sorgo en la alimentación humana, utilizando productos lácteos como matrices adecuadas, agregando funcionalidad potencial a este tipo de producto.


Subject(s)
Tannins/genetics , Yogurt , Sorghum/chemistry , Flour , Antioxidants/chemistry , Phenols/analysis , Tannins/analysis , Taste , Dairy Products , Principal Component Analysis , Functional Food , Anthocyanins/analysis
16.
An. venez. nutr ; 33(1): 14-23, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1179864

ABSTRACT

El consumo de alimentos funcionales durante la etapa de estudiantes universitarios es crucial para asegurar un consumo adecuado de nutrientes, por esta razón, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el consumo de alimentos funcionales en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos. El marco poblacional estuvo constituido por todos los estudiantes del primer nivel (111) y del décimo año (59) de la carrera de medicina periodo 2018-2019. Los resultados muestran que el 51,1% de los estudiantes ecuatorianos declararon consumir siempre o casi siempre vegetales con compuestos bioactivos. Al comparar su consumo entre el primero y décimo nivel no se observaron diferencias significativas (P> 0,05). El vegetal de mayor consumo fue la zanahoria seguido por brócoli y productos a base de tomate. El 78,2% de los estudiantes manifestó consumir siempre o casi siempre frutas; entre las frutas de mayor consumo está la manzana (89,4%), seguida de los frutos rojos, duraznos, mango y kiwi. El consumo de manzana entre los estudiantes del primero y décimo nivel mostró diferencias significativas (P< 0,05). Solo un pequeño porcentaje de estudiantes manifestó consumir semillas oleaginosas como linaza y chía. Las lentejas, el frijol y los garbanzos son las legumbres consumidas con más frecuencia. Los estudiantes casi nunca o nunca consumen frutos secos. La mayoría (72,0%) de los estudiantes manifestó que siempre consumían yogurt con probióticos. Un elevado porcentaje de estudiantes universitarios consume alimentos con propiedades funcionales debido a sus compuestos bioactivos como fitoquímicos, polifenoles, carotenoides y vitaminas que pueden prevenir o reducir el riego de enfermedades importantes(AU)


Functional foods during the stage of university study is crucial to ensure an adequate intake of nutrients for this reason, the objective of this research was to determine the consumption of functional food in Ecuadorian students. The population frame was constituted by all the students of the first and tenth level of medical career period 2018-2019. The results show that the 51.1% of Ecuadorian surveyed students stated that always or almost always consume vegetables with bioactive compounds. When comparing their consumption between the first and the tenth level no significant differences (P> 0.05) were observed. The vegetable with the highest consumption was carrots, followed by broccoli and tomato- based products. The 78.2% of the students stated that always or almost always consume fruits. Among the fruits with the highest consumption is the apple (89.4) followed by red fruits, peaches and nectarines, mango, and kiwi. Apple consumption among first and tenth level students showed significant differences (P< 0.05). Only a small percentage of students reported consuming oilseeds as flaxseed and chía. Lentils, beans and chickpeas are the most commonly consumed legumes. Students almost never or never consume nuts. A high percentage (72.0%) student stated that they always consumed yogurt with probiotics. Most of students consume foods with functional properties due to its bioactive compounds such as phytochemicals, polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins that can reduce the risk of major diseases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Eating , Functional Food , Phytochemicals/biosynthesis , Antioxidants/physiology , Students , Universities , Vegetables , Vitamins , Diet , Fruit
17.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 46(6): 701-707, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058132

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Functional foods containing bioactive peptides have been proposed as a strategy to decrease blood pressure (BP) in subjects under no pharmacological treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of low-sodium, low-fat (LSLF) cheese and LSLF cheese containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 (LSLF581) on BP in pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive subjects. Sixty-one pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive subjects assigned to one of twos (LSLF, n= 29 and LSLF581, n= 32) participated in this 12-month prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Twenty-four h ambulatory BP monitoring was performed at the beginning and at the end of each four-week study period. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased in both study groups, but differences between groups were not significant (systolic, -1.78 and -0.2 mmHg; diastolic, -1.54 and -0.42 mmHg in LSLF581 and LSLF, respectively). Although our results could not support a BP lowering effect of LSLF581, small BP reductions could favorably prevent cardiovascular disease development.


La hipertensión arterial es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Los alimentos funcionales que contienen biopéptidos constituyen una estrategia útil para disminuir la presión arterial (PA) en personas que no están bajo tratamiento farmacológico. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el efecto de un queso bajo en sodio y bajo en grasas (BSBG) y el mismo queso con Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis CRL 581 (BSBG581) sobre la PA en personas con prehipertensión y estadio 1 de hipertensión arterial. Realizamos un estudio prospectivo, randomizado, cruzado y doble ciego durante 12 meses en 61 personas con prehipertensión y estadio 1 de hipertensión arterial, asignadas a dos grupos: BSBG (n= 29) y BSBG581 (n= 32). Se realizó monitoreo ambulatorio de la PA (MAPA) durante 24 h al comienzo y al final de cada etapa del estudio (cuatro semanas). La PA sistólica y diastólica disminuyó en ambos grupos, aunque las diferencias entre grupos no fueron significativas (sistólica, -1.78 y -0.2 mmHg; diastólica -1.54 y -0.42 mmHg en BSBG581 y BSBG respectivamente). Aunque nuestros resultados no pueden confirmar el efecto hipotensor del queso BSBG581, las reducciones moderadas de la PA podrían prevenir el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Cheese/microbiology , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/physiology , Prehypertension/diet therapy , Hypertension/diet therapy , Peptides , Blood Pressure , Blood Pressure Determination , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Anthropometry , Double-Blind Method , Functional Food
18.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 46(6): 783-791, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058142

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The need to obtain nutritious foods from new sources and lower waste in industry has created a high interest in studying different parts of plants or foods that today are considered waste, but could be considered by-products with high nutritional value with potential use in human diets. Pumpkin seeds are commonly considered as waste but they have a high content of fatty and amino acids, which when used as a by-product or ingredient can add value to food products. The aim of this work was to perform a wide review of the nutritional and functional properties of Cucurbita maxima seeds and their potential medicinal influence.


RESUMEN La necesidad de obtener alimentos nutritivos de nuevas fuentes y menores desperdicios en la industria ha generado un gran interés en el estudio de diferentes partes de plantas o alimentos que hoy en día se consideran desechos, pero que podrían considerarse subproductos con alto valor nutricional y uso potencial en alimentación humana. Las semillas de calabaza se consideran comúnmente como desechos, pero tienen un alto e importante contenido de ácidos grasos y aminoácidos, que cuando se utilizan como subproducto o ingrediente pueden aportar un alto valor agregado a los productos alimenticios. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una amplia revisión de las propiedades nutricionales y funcionales de las semillas de Cucurbita maxima y su potencial influencia medicinal asociada a ellas.


Subject(s)
Seeds/chemistry , Cucurbita/chemistry , Functional Food , Plant Oils/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/analysis , Flour , Amino Acids/analysis , Minerals/analysis , Nutritive Value
19.
Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR (Online) ; 22(3): 89-90, jul-set. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1052669

ABSTRACT

A Cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) é uma planta originária do sudoeste asiático, que faz parte da família Zingiberaceae. É uma erva amarga, adstringente, com cheiro característico e forte cor amarela e que cujas raízes (rizomas) secas e maceradas têm sido utilizadas atualmente como corante e condimento para carnes e vegetais. O principal composto bioativo da cúrcuma é a curcumina, que se encontra em percentuais de dois a cinco por cento em suas raízes, sendo também é responsável pela sua coloração. Sabendo-se das suas propriedades bioativas e de várias que ainda estão sendo testadas, esse trabalho objetivou apresentar as principais propriedades e usos da cúrcuma. Historicamente a cúrcuma é empregada em diversos medicamentos utilizados pela medicina Ayurveda (sistema medicinal característico da Índia Antiga). Quimicamente é um pó insolúvel na água e no éter etílico, mas solúvel no etanol e acetona, é um diferoilmetano com a fórmula C21H20O6 e peso molecular 368,4. Muitos trabalhos estão sendo produzidos ultimamente buscando entender o funcionamento metabólico da curcumina e suas possíveis atividades biológicas. Entre as propriedades já estudadas destacam-se as capacidades anticoagulante, antifúngica, anti-inflamatória, antimalárica, antioxidante, antiviral, cicatrizante, esquistossomicida, hipolipemiante, leishmanicida, nematocida, tripanocida neuroprotetora, anti-amiloidogênica e imunomoduladora. A curcumina possui a vantagem de ser uma molécula de fácil acesso, uma vez que pode ser adquirida como condimento doméstico em todo o mundo e possui variadas aplicações, porém devido a sua baixa biodisponibilidade, baixa solubilidade em água e alta afinidade pelas proteínas plasmáticas faz-se necessário que novos estudos sejam realizados para que ela possa ser empregada efetivamente como um bioativo vegetal.(AU)


Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a plant originated from Southeast Asia; it belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. It is a bitter, astringent herb, with a characteristic smell and strong yellow color. Its dried and macerated roots (rhizomes) have been used as coloring and condiment for meat and vegetables. Turmeric main bioactive compound is curcumin, which is found at concentrations of approximately two to five percent on its roots, being also responsible for its coloration. With the knowledge of its bioactive properties and of several other properties that are still being tested, this paper aimed at presenting the main properties and uses of turmeric. Turmeric has historically been used in various medicines by Ayurveda medicine (a medicinal system characteristic of ancient India). Chemically, it is a powder insoluble in either water or ethyl ether, despite being soluble in ethanol and acetone. It is a difoylmethane of formula C21H20O6 and molecular weight 368.4. Many works are being produced seeking to understand the metabolic functioning of curcumin and its possible biological activities. Among the properties already studied, it has proven anticoagulant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antioxidant, antiviral, scarring, schistosomicide, hypolipidemic, leishmanicidal, nematocidal, trypanocidal neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic and immunomodulatory capacities. Curcumin has the advantage of being an easily accessible molecule as it can be purchased as a domestic condiment worldwide and is widely applied in several cuisines. However, due to its low bioavailability, low water solubility and high affinity for plasma proteins, further studies should be carried out so that it can be effectively employed as a plant bioactive.(AU)


La cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) es una planta originaria del sudeste asiático, pertenece a la familia Zingiberaceae. Es una hierba amarga y astringente, con un olor característico y un fuerte color amarillo y cuyas raíces (rizomas) secas y maceradas se utilizan actualmente como colorante y condimento para carnes y vegetales. El principal compuesto bioactivo de la cúrcuma es la curcumina, que se encuentra cerca del dos al cinco por ciento de sus raíces y también es responsable por su coloración. Debido a sus propiedades bioactivas y de varias que aún se están probando, ese estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar las principales propiedades y usos de la cúrcuma. Históricamente, la cúrcuma es empleada en varias medicinas utilizadas por la medicina Ayurveda (sistema medicinal característico de la antigua India). Químicamente es un polvo insoluble en agua y éter etílico, pero soluble en etanol y acetona, es un diferoilmetano de fórmula C21H20O6 y peso molecular 368.4. Últimamente se están produciendo muchos trabajos que buscan comprender el funcionamiento metabólico de la curcumina y sus posibles actividades biológicas. Entre las propiedades ya estudiadas se encuentran las capacidades anticoagulante, antifúngica, antiinflamatoria, antipalúdica, antioxidante, antiviral, cicatrizante, esquistosomicida, hipolipidémica, leishmanicida, nematocida, tripanocida, neuroprotectora, antiamiloidogénica e inmunomoduladora. La curcumina tiene la ventaja de ser una molécula de fácil acceso, ya que se puede comprar como condimento doméstico en todo el mundo y tiene una variedad de aplicaciones, pero debido a su baja biodisponibilidad, baja solubilidad en agua y alta afinidad por las proteínas plasmáticas se hace necesario que nuevos estudios sean llevados a cabo para que ella pueda ser empleada efectivamente como planta bioactiva.(AU)


Subject(s)
Curcumin/analysis , Curcuma/classification , Curcuma/chemistry , Phytochemicals/analysis
20.
Vitae (Medellín) ; 26(2): 68-77, 2019. Ilustraciones
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1021320

ABSTRACT

Background: cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Strategies for its prevention have been proposed, such as modifying life habits, including increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with the decrease in the probability of suffering CVD. Objective: to evaluate the effects of a base compote of guava (Psidium guajava) and passion fruit (Passiflora ligularis) on blood pressure and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in hypertensive type two diabetic patients. Methods: food characterization test (microbiological, proximal, sensorial, antioxidant activity and total phenols). The compote was administered for 21 days to 8 adults (30 to 65 years old); glycaemia, blood pressure, inflammatory markers, and BMI and waist circumference before and after the intervention were measured. Results: the sensory test showed: 66% acceptance and all attributes a value >3, indicating that it was well evaluated. The microbiological aspects comply with the safety for human consumption and nutritionally it stands out that the contribution of carbohydrates (12.3%) is adequate for these patients. The hydrophilic ORAC value was 98.570 µmol ET/g sample. In the patients at the end of the study, a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was observed (127 mmHg, p 0.041) and the pro-inflammatory markers TNFα, IL-1ß and IL6 (31.9 pg/mL, p 0.012, 31.9 pg/mL, p 0.012, and 3.5 pg/mL, p 0.017 respectively) and glycaemia increase (157.5 mg/dL, p 0.036). Conclusions: the medium-term consumption of a compote based on guava, passion fruit, cinnamon and flaxseed oil improves systolic blood pressure and the proinflammatory markers TNFα, IL-1ß and IL6 in diabetic and hypertensive patients


Antecedentes: las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), conjunto de trastornos del corazón y los vasos sanguíneos son la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo. Se han propuesto estrategias para su prevención como modificar los hábitos de vida, incluyendo aumentar el consumo de frutas y verduras asociadas con la disminución en la probabilidad de sufrir ECV. Objetivo: evaluar los efectos de una compota base de guayaba (Psidium guajava) y granadilla (Passiflora ligularis) en la presión arterial y biomarcadores metabólicos e inflamatorios en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 hipertensos. Métodos: caracterización del alimento prueba (análisis microbiológico, proximal, sensorial, actividad antioxidante y fenoles totales). Se suministró la compota durante 21 días a 8 adultos (30 a 65 años), se midió glicemia, presión arterial, marcadores inflamatorios, IMC y perímetro de cintura antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: la prueba sensorial mostró: 66% de aceptación, y todos los atributos un valor >3, indicando que fue bien evaluado. Los aspectos microbiológicos cumplen con la inocuidad para consumo humano y nutricionalmente se destaca que el aporte de carbohidratos (12,3%) es adecuado para estos pacientes. El valor ORAC hidrofílico fue 98,570 µmol ET/g muestra. En los pacientes al final del estudio se observó disminución estadísticamente significativa de la presión arterial sistólica (127 mm Hg; p 0,041) y los marcadores proinflamatorios TNFα, IL-1ß e IL6 (31,9 pg/mL, p 0,012; 31,9 pg/mL, p 0,012; y 3,5 pg/mL, p 0,017, respectivamente) e incremento de la glicemia (157,5 mg/dL, p 0,036). Conclusión: el consumo a mediano plazo de una compota a base de guayaba, granadilla, canela y aceite de linaza mejora la presión arterial sistólica y los marcadores pro inflamatorios TNFα, IL-1ß e IL6 en pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases , Fruits in Syrup , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Hypertension
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